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What are Current liabilities – Explained with Examples

Meaning-of-Current-liabilities
Meaning-of-Current-liabilities

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Current liabilities are a type of loan that must be repaid within one year (maximum 1 year). These loans are better known as short-term liabilities. This type of liabilities is taken to achieve the smooth operation of the business. In simple words, they fulfil the working capital requirement of the business.

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Current liabilities appear in favour of liabilities in the balance sheet. The following accounts are shown in this group of balance sheets: –

  1. Sundry Creditor/Trade Payables
  2. Bills Payables 
  3. Short Term Loans
    • From Banks
    • From Financial Institution
    • From Partners or investors
  4. Outstanding Expenses
  5. Pre received Income
  6. Dividend Payable to Shareholder
  7. Taxes & Duties Payable 

1. Sundry Creditor/Trade Payables: 

The business has to pay some people or firms against credit purchases of goods or any other assets, these are classified as Sundry creditors in the financial statements.

2. Bills Payables:

The bill payable is a provision note. It is similar to a check, but it has a maturity date, except the expiry date, like a check.

3. Short Term Loans: 

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Short Term loans include the Bank overdraft and loan from the partner, for the period which is repayable within 1 year.

4. Outstanding Expenses:

Those expenses which are due but not paid due to some reasons like non-availability of funds. For example, Salary outstanding, Electricity Bill Outstanding, Rent Outstanding etc. 

5. Pre received Income

Those incomes which business are received prior to their due date. For example, Advance rent received, Advance commission received, etc.

6. Dividend Payable to Shareholder:

The amount of Dividend which is declared but not paid to shareholder yet. 

7. Taxes & Duties Payable:

There are many types of taxes are collected from the business by the government of the country. So, if any type of tax is due but not paid will be grouped under current liability.

In India, there is some example of taxes are given below: 

  1. Income Tax
  2. Goods and Services Tax
  3. Custom Duty
  4. Municipal Tax
  5. Electricity Duty 

Placement of Current liabilities in the balance sheet: –

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The placement of a current liabilities in the balance sheet, This is a group of the balance sheet which shown separately. These are shown in the following format of the balance sheet and highlighted with orange colour: –

Name of the Entity
Balance Sheet as on 31st March, _______
Liabilities AmountAssets Amount 
Current Liabilities  Current Assets  
Trade Creditors  Cash in hand  
Bills Payable  Cash at Bank 
Outstanding Expenses  Inventories  
Advance/Unearned Incomes Bills payable  
Short term loans  Sundry Debtors  
Non-Current Liabilities  Prepaid Expenses  
long terms loans  Accrued Incomes  
Debentures  Fixed/Non-Current Assets 
Capital Building  
Add:  Net profit  Land  
   interest on Capital
 Plant & machine  
Less:  Drawings  Furniture & fixture  
   Net Loss  Goodwill  
    
    

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