What are Current liabilities - Explained with Examples

Current liabilities are a type of loan that must be repaid within one year (maximum 1 year). These loans are better known as short-term liabilities. This type of liabilities is taken to achieve the smooth operation of the business. In simple words, they fulfil the working capital requirement of the business.

Current liabilities appear in favour of liabilities in the balance sheet. The following accounts are shown in this group of balance sheets: -

1. Sundry Creditor/Trade Payables
2. Bills Payables 
3. Short Term Loans
   • From Banks
   • From Financial Institution
   • From Partners or investors
4. Outstanding Expenses
5. Pre received Income
6. Dividend Payable to Shareholder
7. Taxes & Duties Payable 

1. Sundry Creditor/Trade Payables: 

The business has to pay some people or firms against credit purchases of goods or any other assets, these are classified as Sundry creditors in the financial statements.

2. Bills Payables:

The bill payable is a provision note. It is similar to a check, but it has a maturity date, except the expiry date, like a check.

3. Short Term Loans: 

Short Term loans include the Bank overdraft and loan from the partner, for the period which is repayable within 1 year.

4. Outstanding Expenses:

Those expenses which are due but not paid due to some reasons like non-availability of funds. For example, Salary outstanding, Electricity Bill Outstanding, Rent Outstanding etc. 

5. Pre received Income

Those incomes which business are received prior to their due date. For example, Advance rent received, Advance commission received, etc.

6. Dividend Payable to Shareholder:

The amount of Dividend which is declared but not paid to shareholder yet. 

7. Taxes & Duties Payable:

There are many types of taxes are collected from the business by the government of the country. So, if any type of tax is due but not paid will be grouped under current liability.

In India, there is some example of taxes are given below: 

1. Income Tax
2. Goods and Services Tax
3. Custom Duty
4. Municipal Tax
5. Electricity Duty 

Placement of Current liabilities in the balance sheet: -

The placement of a current liabilities in the balance sheet, This is a group of the balance sheet which shown separately. These are shown in the following format of the balance sheet and highlighted with orange colour: -

Name of the Entity

Balance Sheet as on 31st March, _______
Liabilities	Amount	Assets	Amount
Current Liabilities		Current Assets
Trade Creditors		Cash in hand
Bills Payable		Cash at Bank
Outstanding Expenses		Inventories
Advance/Unearned Incomes		Bills payable
Short term loans		Sundry Debtors
Non-Current Liabilities		Prepaid Expenses
long terms loans		Accrued Incomes
Debentures		Fixed/Non-Current Assets
Capital		Building
Add:  Net profit		Land
interest on Capital		Plant & machine
Less:  Drawings		Furniture & fixture
Net Loss		Goodwill

You can also read the following topics : –

• Assets – Meaning, Definition, Types and Examples
• Liabilities – Meaning, Types and Examples
• What is Capital – Meaning and Example

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