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Q.No.4 | Chapter 9 – Ledger | T.S. Grewal Solution 2025-26

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Journalise the following transactions in the books of Afzal, Kolkata and post them to the Ledger:

2025	Transaction	₹
Jan. 1	Started business with cash	1,00,000
Jan. 3	Bought goods on credit from Gupta & Co., Delhi	20,000
Jan. 5	Cash sales	5,000
Jan. 8	Cash purchases	8,000
Jan. 10	Sold goods to Ahmed & Co. on credit	10,000
Jan. 11	Deposited cash in bank	50,000
Jan. 13	Purchased a computer for office	20,000
Jan. 15	Took a loan from Mehboob	70,000
Jan. 16	Goods returned by Ahmed & Co.	2,000
Jan. 17	Purchased furniture from Mehfil Mart, Kolkata	10,000
Jan. 18	Paid interest to Mehboob	2,000
Jan. 19	Insurance claim accepted from Ahmed & Co. for defective goods	1,000
Jan. 22	Paid rent by cheque	2,000
Jan. 24	Withdrew from bank	20,000
Jan. 25	Cash sales (10% trade discount already deducted)	9,000
Jan. 26	Goods purchased from Gupta & Co. destroyed by accident	10,000
Jan. 27	Advertisement expenses paid through bank	5,000
Jan. 28	Ahmed & Co. settled account by cheque	7,000
Jan. 29	Paid due amount to Gupta & Co. by cheque after discount ₹800	19,200
Jan. 31	Sold old newspapers (Sundry Income)	500

Journal

Date	Particulars	Dr. (₹)	Cr. (₹)
Jan.01	Cash A/c Dr.	1,00,000
	To Capital A/c		1,00,000
	(Business started with cash)
Jan.03	Purchases A/c Dr.	20,000
	To Gupta & Co. A/c		20,000
	(Goods purchased on credit)
Jan.05	Cash A/c Dr.	5,000
	To Sales A/c		5,000
	(Goods sold for cash)
Jan.08	Purchases A/c Dr.	8,000
	To Cash A/c		8,000
	(Goods purchased for cash)
Jan.10	Ahmed & Co. A/c Dr.	10,000
	To Sales A/c		10,000
	(Goods sold on credit)
Jan.11	Bank A/c Dr.	50,000
	To Cash A/c		50,000
	(Cash deposited into bank)
Jan.13	Computers A/c Dr.	20,000
	To Cash A/c		20,000
	(Computer purchased)
Jan.15	Cash A/c Dr.	70,000
	To Loan from Mehboob A/c		70,000
	(Loan taken from Mehboob)
Jan.16	Sales Return A/c Dr.	2,000
	To Ahmed & Co. A/c		2,000
	(Goods returned by Ahmed & Co.)
Jan.17	Furniture A/c Dr.	10,000
	To Mehfil Mart A/c		10,000
	(Furniture purchased on credit)
Jan.18	Interest on Loan A/c Dr.	2,000
	To Cash A/c		2,000
	(Interest on Mehboob loan paid)
Jan.19	Insurance Claim A/c Dr.	1,000
	To Ahmed & Co. A/c		1,000
	(Insurance claim accepted)
Jan.22	Rent A/c Dr.	2,000
	To Bank A/c		2,000
	(Rent paid by cheque)
Jan.24	Cash A/c Dr.	20,000
	To Bank A/c		20,000
	(Cash withdrawn from bank)
Jan.25	Cash A/c Dr.	9,000
	To Sales A/c		9,000
	(Goods sold for cash)
Jan.26	Loss by Accident A/c Dr.	10,000
	To Purchases A/c		10,000
	(Goods lost by accident)
Jan.27	Advertisement A/c Dr.	5,000
	To Bank A/c		5,000
	(Advertisement expenses paid by bank)
Jan.28	Bank A/c Dr.	7,000
	To Ahmed & Co. A/c		7,000
	(Payment received from Ahmed & Co.)
Jan.29	Gupta & Co. A/c Dr.	20,000
	To Bank A/c		19,200
	To Discount Received A/c		800
	(Paid Gupta & Co.; discount received)
Jan.31	Cash A/c Dr.	500
	To Sundry Income A/c		500
	(Sundry income received)

Ledger

Cash Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.01	Capital A/c		1,00,000	Jan.08	Purchases A/c		8,000
Jan.05	Sales A/c		5,000	Jan.11	Bank A/c		50,000
Jan.15	Loan from Mehboob		70,000	Jan.13	Computers A/c		20,000
Jan.24	Bank A/c		20,000	Jan.18	Interest on Loan A/c		2,000
Jan.25	Sales A/c		9,000	Jan.31	Balance c/d		1,24,500
Jan.31	Sundry Income A/c		500
	Total		2,04,500		Total		2,04,500
Feb.01	Balance b/d		1,24,500

Bank Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.11	Cash A/c		50,000	Jan.22	Rent A/c		2,000
Jan.28	Ahmed & Co. A/c		7,000	Jan.24	Cash A/c		20,000
				Jan.27	Advertisement A/c		5,000
				Jan.29	Gupta & Co. A/c		19,200
				Jan.31	Balance c/d		10,800
	Total		57,000		Total		57,000
Feb.01	Balance b/d		10,800

Capital Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.31	Balance c/d		1,00,000	Jan.01	Cash A/c		1,00,000
	Total		1,00,000		Total		1,00,000
				Feb.01	Balance b/d		1,00,000

Purchases Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.03	Gupta & Co. A/c		20,000	Jan.26	Loss by Accident A/c		10,000
Jan.08	Cash A/c		8,000	Jan.31	Balance c/d		18,000
	Total		28,000		Total		28,000
Feb.01	Balance b/d		18,000

Sales Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.31	Balance c/d		24,000	Jan.05	Cash A/c		5,000
				Jan.10	Ahmed & Co. A/c		10,000
				Jan.25	Cash A/c		9,000
	Total		24,000		Total		24,000
				Feb.01	Balance b/d		24,000

Gupta & Co. Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.29	Bank A/c		19,200	Jan.03	Purchases A/c		20,000
Jan.29	Discount Received A/c		800
	Total		20,000		Total		20,000

Ahmed & Co. Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.10	Sales A/c		10,000	Jan.16	Sales Return A/c		2,000
				Jan.19	Insurance Claim A/c		1,000
				Jan.28	Bank A/c		7,000
	Total		10,000		Total		10,000

Loan from Mehboob Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.31	Balance c/d		70,000	Jan.15	Cash A/c		70,000
	Total		70,000		Total		70,000
				Feb.01	Balance b/d		70,000

Computers Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.13	Cash A/c		20,000	Jan.31	Balance c/d		20,000
	Total		20,000		Total		20,000
Feb.01	Balance b/d		20,000

Furniture Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.17	Mehfil Mart A/c		10,000	Jan.31	Balance c/d		10,000
	Total		10,000		Total		10,000
Feb.01	Balance b/d		10,000

Mehfil Mart Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.31	Balance c/d		10,000	Jan.17	Furniture A/c		10,000
	Total		10,000		Total		10,000
				Feb.01	Balance b/d		10,000

Sales Return Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.16	Ahmed & Co. A/c		2,000	Jan.31	Balance c/d		2,000
	Total		2,000		Total		2,000
Feb.01	Balance b/d		2,000

Insurance Claim Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.19	Ahmed & Co. A/c		1,000	Jan.31	Balance c/d		1,000
	Total		1,000		Total		1,000
Feb.01	Balance b/d		1,000

Interest on Loan Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.18	Cash A/c		2,000	Jan.31	Balance c/d		2,000
	Total		2,000		Total		2,000
Feb.01	Balance b/d		2,000

Rent Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.22	Bank A/c		2,000	Jan.31	Balance c/d		2,000
	Total		2,000		Total		2,000
Feb.01	Balance b/d		2,000

Loss by Accident Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.26	Purchases A/c		10,000	Jan.31	Balance c/d		10,000
	Total		10,000		Total		10,000
Feb.01	Balance b/d		10,000

Advertisement Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.27	Bank A/c		5,000	Jan.31	Balance c/d		5,000
	Total		5,000		Total		5,000
Feb.01	Balance b/d		5,000

Discount Received Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.31	Balance c/d		800	Jan.29	Gupta & Co. A/c		800
	Total		800		Total		800
				Feb.01	Balance b/d		800

Sundry Income Account

Dr.				Cr.
Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)	Date	Particulars	J.F.	Amt.(₹)
Jan.31	Balance c/d		500	Jan.31	Cash A/c		500
	Total		500		Total		500
				Feb.01	Balance b/d		500